
Preliminary W9330F
- 14 -
Active
Standby
Sleep
Freeze
power
consumption
level
reset & de-assert
chip_en
reset & de-assert
osc_en
9. Noise Reduction Control
During voice communication, audible noise can occur in the system through two mechanisms: (1)data
underflow/overflow or (2) communication link broken.
Data underflow or overflow is caused by the frequency mis-match between master and slave. The
rate of underflow or overflow is proportional to the mis-match. It can be shown that if the operating
frequencies between the master and slave differs by 25 ppm, an overflow or underflow occurs every
10 second. In the event of data overflow, the receiver receives data at a rate faster than it sends out
to the ADPCM codec. When enough data is accumulated within the W9330F receiving FIFO, it drops
8 bits of ADPCM aligned data each time it occurs. Overflow is not audible because every 8-bit
segment of ADPCM data has a play time of only 250 usec and it occurs so infrequently that virtually
no information is lost.
Data underflow occurs when the receiver receives data at a rate slower than the 32 Kbps required by
the ADPCM codec. When it occurs, the W9330F adds an 8-bit quiet code into the codec bit stream.
The quiet code holds the audio output steady for 250 usec until the next data arrives. The occurrence
of such event is not audible to human ear due to its short duration. The value of the quiet code is
programmable by the user so that different codec devices can be supported.
Communication link is broken when the receiver cannot acquire the receive data frame. This event is
signaled to the controller as frame error and the communication link must be re-established. The
W9330F is programmable in handling of frame error. If the STKY bit in the command register is
cleared, the W9330F will immediately declare lose lock on frame error. The LOCK and RLOCK bits
will be dropped and it will try to re-establish the link by sending and receiving acquisition frame. If the
STKY bit in the command register is set, the W9330F continues to transmit its data frame on frame
error for a few times. If it receive a correct data frame during this time, the communication link
remains intact. It declares lose lock only when it cannot receive the correct data frame after several
attempts. The number of attempts it continues to transmit on frame error is also programmable by the
user through one of the control registers.
During the time when no data is received, the W9330F sends the quiet code to the codec. This
eliminates the need for audio signal muting by the controller during frame error.